Irrigation is an important tool for reducing risks, increasing yields and producing higher quality crops. Ideally, we would like to keep the crops grown from being water stressed by maintaining the soil moisture in the root zone at a level that allows the plant roots to freely extract waters as needed. This paper will take you through the steps to determine the water holding capacity of soils, the water used by the plants and evaporation from the soil and discuss a methodology for estimating the available moisture remaining in the soil. An irrigation system will ideally apply water equally across the soil surface but in reality it doesn’t happen. Gross variation can affect crop yields and effect the utilization of fertilizers and pesticides. A test method and equipment for determining the uniformity of water application is presented. The rate at which water is being applied to the field is often assumed based on the designed well pumping capacity. Periodic testing of the well pump is recommended to ensure it can supply the necessary water and it is operating efficiently. The paper will finish with a brief discussion of some energy saving opportunities that will reduce irrigation costs without reducing water being applied.