The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is one of the most important economic pests affecting soybean production in Wisconsin and neighboring states. Since its discovery in 2000, the soybean aphid has become established in the North Central Region and presents a potential threat to the soybean industry. Insecticides are available for control of the soybean aphid, but are an additional production cost that erodes an already thin margin of profit. Besides issues related to economics, insecticides provide only temporary suppression of aphid populations. Biological control shows promise, but is still unpredictable. Research is needed to explore the possibility of soybean genetics as a long-term means to control soybean aphids.